PFT: Vitt wonders if evidence was 'falsified'

AP

Lawyer Peter Ginsberg wasn?t the only one who had tough words for Commissioner Roger Goodell at Monday?s appeal hearing in the bounty case. ?Browns linebacker Scott Fujita was far more brief, and far more pointed.

?I saw [Goodell] in the [appeal] hearings and he offered to shake all of our hands,? Fujita told Dave Zirin of SiriusXM Radio?s Edge of Sports Radio, via SI.com. ??Some of the other players didn?t, but I went ahead and shook his hand, and I just said to him, ?What the hell are you doing, Roger???

How did the Commissioner respond?

?He had nothing to say,? Fujita said. ??His face sure turned red, though.?

So much for the draft-night man hugs.

Fujita also addressed the merits of the situation, echoing the notion that the Saints had a pay-for-performance system coupled with tough talk but no deliberate intent to injure.

?I know exactly what [happened] and what didn?t,? Fujita said. ??The problem with this whole thing is that it?s just an unfortunate situation where you have a defensive coordinator [Gregg Williams] who I like a lot, but said a lot of really vulgar, inappropriate, outlandish things. ?You couple that with some guys who occasionally throw in some money for big plays ? which I have admitted to doing ? and it becomes a perfect storm, and also it comes at a time politically when I think the league was looking for something like this.

?So, it?s unfortunate. It?s unfortunate that a lot of players have been dragged into it when the reality is it?s just a kind of loose, joking around, performance-type system of motivation coupled with some really, really inappropriate language that I?m sensitive to, but again, it is just language.?

Fujita apparently wants the NFL to focus on what the program was, and to clarify what it wasn?t.

?People said I was stupid for confessing to paying for big plays. ?I didn?t think of that as a big deal,? Fujita said. ??Is it against the rules? ?Technically, yeah, it?s against the rules, but that?s the way it was done when I was a young player and I?m not ashamed of that. ?If that?s what I?m going down for, let?s call it for what it is. ?The problem is that the league has billed this thing as being this super-organized pay-to-injure scheme, which it never was.

?Now, it turns out when the evidence is getting released that there is actually very little to nothing on anything pay-to-injure related, especially as it pertains to me. ?So, again, if it?s pay-for-performance, let?s call it what it is, and if I have to take my medicine for that, I?ll do that, and we?ll move on, but that?s not what the league has billed this as.?

Fujita explained that the issue is more about the money he?ll lose during a three-game suspension.

?Another thing I have a hard time with is that a lot of people just say, ?You only have a couple games [suspension]. ?Just be glad with what you got. ?Stop complaining and move on.? ?It?s more than just a couple games,? Fujita said. ??My reputation is a lot more valuable to me than three game checks. ?So for someone to say ?just take your medicine and move on,? my response is no. ?If you?re accused of something you didn?t do, and they were going to not only ruin your reputation, but also take a lot of money away from you, you would not just lie down. ?So it?s troubling. ?It?s been hard for me. ?It?s been a stress at home. ?I?m lucky to have such a supportive family with young kids who don?t understand any of this kind of stuff so that brightens my day, but it has been very hard for me.?

The good news is that the discussion of the actual or perceived flaws in the NFL?s investigation could be prompting the league to focus on precisely why the players are being disciplined ? for contributing to and participating in a pay-for-performance system that created an incentive to inflict injury on opponents (regardless of whether they actually did) and not for deliberately attempting to inflict injury in exchange for cash.

The bad news is that it?s too late to put the bounty toothpaste back in the tube. ?The Saints were painted as a marauding gang of Gilloolys in March; calling it what it really was in June will do nothing to change the perception that has been cemented into the public?s collective consciousness.

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5 Wounded Warriors Attempt Mount McKinley Summit

ANCHORAGE, Alaska -- Five wounded warriors with a self-described total of four good legs among them are gaining ground in their assault on Alaska's formidable Mount McKinley, North America's tallest peak.

The five soldiers ? four are retired ? range in age from 31 to 64. All but one lost limbs in American conflicts stretching from Vietnam to Afghanistan.

After nine days on the 20,320-foot mountain in the Alaska Range, the expedition was resting at 14,200 feet Thursday and was being warned by guides the climb only gets more difficult.

"Obviously, I don't have to worry about losing my feet to the cold," said Stephen Martin, who calls himself a desert rat from suburban Phoenix who hates being cold. "I've already lost my feet. I don't want to lose my hands to frostbite."

Martin and one other member of the expedition are double amputees.

Another fear for Martin is that a prosthetic leg might break in the unforgiving conditions. "I brought a spare pair of feet," said the retired Army corporal who went back to Afghanistan as a contractor. He was injured by a roadside bomb. Martin returned to Phoenix and tried for 14 months to save his legs before undergoing amputation in November 2009.

The team says the climb is not only for them, but for others severely wounded in wars, including those to follow.

"We want to show in this project ... how active and how independent these wounded warriors can be, even with very severe injuries," said Kirk Bauer, climber and executive director of Disabled Sports USA, the group behind the climb with its Warfighter Sports program.

Bauer, a retired Army sergeant who lives in Baltimore, lost his left leg above the knee to a grenade in Vietnam.

The climb is also a fundraiser to help the organization raise money to help other wounded soldiers.

The climbers are scaling McKinley with crampons, climbing poles and ice axes to find firm footing on ice. They're moving single file, tethered to each other by rope, each carrying a heavy backpack of supplies and taking turns pulling a sled with more gear.

Besides narrow, treacherous paths, they will have to contend with potential blizzards, winds that can reach 100 mph, glaring heat during the day and frigid nights. They're navigating razor-thin ridges while also having to keep an eye upward for falling rock.

These climbers face additional challenges, including maintaining their energy ? with their carbon and fiber prosthetics they use more. They're concerned about abrasions where their skin meets the prosthetic and about how the artificial limbs will react to the cold. The above-the-knee amputees also must worry about solar charges for batteries that power the prosthetic knee unit computer, which ensures the knee doesn't buckle.

"If something happens there the leg stiffens up and we become like Peg Leg Pete climbing the mountain, so it's going to be much more difficult," Bauer said.

Others coming back from Afghanistan may be inspired, he said, and know that despite their injuries they can be active and productive and can lead full and healthy lives.

Ret. Army Capt. Jesse Acosta has all his limbs, but the Austin, Texas, native now working on Wall Street sustained permanent damage to his hip, leg, arm and back from a roadside bomb in Iraq.

He said the climb is meant "not only to prove to ourselves just what is (possible) given our own limitations, but hopefully and probably more importantly, inspire in others ... that this is very much an obstacle which can be overcome."

The climb started June 11, and as was expected climbing with prosthetics, it's been a slow slog. Daily short updates via satellite phone are posted on the Internet, provided by either the climbers or members of their guiding group, Mountain Trip. The group spent three days at 11,200 feet, first to rest and then wait out a snowstorm and high winds. They've so far reported no problems.

If all goes according to plan, they hope to summit the mountain on June 28, and are scheduled to fly home July 3.

But success is far from guaranteed.

The park service says 1,191 people have registered to climb Mount McKinley this year. Of those, 795 have completed their attempts, with 295 people ? or 37 percent ? making the summit. There are 283 people currently climbing the mountain.

So far this summer, six people have died on McKinley. Four of those deaths occurred last week when an avalanche caught a team of five Japanese climbers, pushing them into a 100-foot crevasse. One member was able to climb out.

The wounded warriors learned of the deaths, and posted this on their website Saturday: "Thoughts & prayers to the Miyagi Workers Alpine Fed. Expedition."

The combat veterans were chosen for the climb because of their attitude, their mental and physical fitness and the desire to improve themselves, Bauer said.

The group went through six months of training before the ascent attempt. Three climbers ? Bauer, Acosta and Ret. Army Sgt. Neil Duncan of Denver, the other double amputee ? previously climbed Tanzania's 19,336-foot Mount Kilimanjaro.

If successful, they wouldn't be the first with physical challenges to make the ascent on Mount McKinley, also known as Denali, an Alaska Native tribal word meaning "the great one."

According to statistics provided by Denali National Park and Preserve, Sarah Doherty was the first full leg amputee to summit Mount McKinley without an artificial limb in 1985. Ed Hommer was the first double leg amputee to reach the top of Denali in 1999.

If the soldiers are fortunate enough to summit, some have celebratory moments planned.

Martin, an Arizona Highway Patrolman, wants two pictures taken at the top of Mount McKinley. One is of the team, and the other will be of him displaying a patch from the Arizona Department of Public Safety.

"I want to show them that I do appreciate (them) sticking with me, not just saying, `Hey, we're really sorry it happened to you, good luck in the future,'" he said. "But not only that, but had faith in me that I can do the job."

The expedition's only active duty military member, Marine Capt. David Borden of Hanover, Pa., had his right leg amputated above the knee after an attack by a suicide bomber in Iraq in 2008.

"Obviously I was injured, but my family and friends were also injured. Making the top is for them as well," Borden said, "and my way of thanking them for everything they did for me and the support they gave me."

___

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Convicted Calif. serial killer arraigned in NYC

FILE - In this March 30, 2010 file photo, convicted serial killer Rodney Alcala listens as victim-impact statements are read in a Santa Ana, Calif. On Wednesday, June. 20, 2012, Alcala was headed to New York to face charges of killing two young women, Cornelia Crilley and Ellen Hover, in the 1970s, the Manhattan district attorney's office said. Alcala, a photographer and former "Dating Game" contestant, has been on death row in California for the 1970s stranglings of four women and a 12-year-old girl. (AP Photo/Michael Goulding, Pool, File)

FILE - In this March 30, 2010 file photo, convicted serial killer Rodney Alcala listens as victim-impact statements are read in a Santa Ana, Calif. On Wednesday, June. 20, 2012, Alcala was headed to New York to face charges of killing two young women, Cornelia Crilley and Ellen Hover, in the 1970s, the Manhattan district attorney's office said. Alcala, a photographer and former "Dating Game" contestant, has been on death row in California for the 1970s stranglings of four women and a 12-year-old girl. (AP Photo/Michael Goulding, Pool, File)

NEW YORK (AP) ? More than 30 years after their deaths, the man accused of strangling two young women who were making their way in 1970s Manhattan walked slowly into a courtroom Thursday to answer the charges.

His hands and feet shackled and his gray hair in a ponytail, a bespectacled and bemused-looking Rodney Alcala ? former photographer, one-time dating-show contestant and convicted California serial killer ? said only "not guilty" in a steady voice.

After suspicion swirled around him for years, Alcala was indicted only last year in the killings of Cornelia Crilley and Ellen Hover. While fighting a death sentence in California, he's now being held in New York as prosecutors here pursue a cold case they reopened in the last two years.

The Legal Aid Society, which represented Alcala at Thursday's brief arraignment, declined to discuss the case afterward. He's due back in court Oct. 30.

With an IQ said to top 160, Alcala has spent the last 33 years tangling with California authorities in a series of trials and overturned convictions. He eventually was found guilty in 2010 of killing four women and a 12-year-old girl in Southern California in the 1970s. He represented himself, offering a defense that involved showing a clip of his 1978 appearance on "The Dating Game" and playing Arlo Guthrie's classic 1967 song "Alice's Restaurant."

While pursuing an appeal in California, Alcala was indicted last year in New York, partly on evidence that emerged during his California trial, prosecutors said. He was brought to New York on Wednesday on a U.S. Marshals Service plane after unsuccessfully fighting his extradition to New York.

"After more than three decades, the defendant will finally face the justice system in New York for the murder of two victims," Manhattan District Attorney Cyrus Vance Jr. said in a statement Thursday. "Today's arraignment brings us a step closer to obtaining justice for Ms. Crilley and Ms. Hover."

Crilley was found strangled with a stocking in her Manhattan apartment in 1971. Hover, a comedy writer and former Hollywood nightclub owner's daughter who had a degree in biology and was seeking a job as a researcher, was living in Manhattan when she vanished in 1977. Her remains were found the next year in the woods on a suburban estate. Both women were 23.

Alcala had been eyed in Hover's death for decades and in Crilley's killing for at least several years. Detectives talked to him as far back as 1977, according to a document prosecutors filed Thursday; details on the conversations weren't released.

New York Police Department detectives investigating Crilley's killing went to California in 2003 with a warrant to interview Alcala and get a dental impression from him.

A forensic dentist later found that a bite mark on Crilley's body was consistent with Alcala's impression, a law enforcement official has said. The official was not authorized to speak publicly and spoke to The Associated Press on condition of anonymity.

A detective went to talk to Alcala again in 2005. On learning that the investigator was from New York, Alcala asked, "What took you so long?" according to the prosecutors' filing.

The Manhattan DA's cold-case unit also conducted new interviews with more than 100 witnesses.

Alcala has been behind bars since his 1979 arrest in one of the California killings. Before that arrest, he also served a prison sentence on convictions of furnishing marijuana to a minor and kidnapping and trying to kill an 8-year-old girl.

After his 2010 conviction, California authorities released more than 100 photos, found in his storage locker, of young women and girls. They said they were exploring whether Alcala could be tied to cases in New York and other states.

The public defender's office in Marin County, Calif., which represented Alcala in his extradition fight, contacted New York's Legal Aid Society on his behalf, the society said. He is being represented by Legal Aid veterans Thomas Klein and Beth Unger.

___

Follow Jennifer Peltz at http://twitter.com/jennpeltz

Associated Press

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Congress fails to agree on national drug trace plan (reuters)

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'Catching Fire' Casting Rumors: Hunter Parrish Weighs In

'Weeds' actor, who was up for the role of Peeta in 'Hunger Games,' tells MTV News he'd 'love' to play Finnick in the sequel.
By Kara Warner

Hunter Parrish
Photo:

Our fellow "Hunger Games" fans will likely recall the fact that the casting process for the first film garnered more than a few headlines, particularly regarding the roles of Katniss, Peeta and Gale. Now that those roles have long been filled and the movie has gone on to break box-office records, we have been focused on the casting rumors around its sequel, "Catching Fire."

While Lionsgate hasn't made any announcements about who will join the cast for the sequel, particularly as fan-favorite character Finnick Odair, that hasn't stopped the rumor mill from churning out likely prospects. One of the fan-supported candidates is "Weeds" actor Hunter Parrish, who was also an early favorite to play Peeta until Josh Hutcherson won the role.

When MTV News caught up with Parrish recently to discuss the release of his first single, "Sitting at Home," we couldn't help but ask for his thoughts on the franchise and also being considered for Finnick.

"This whole 'Hunger Games' thing, man ... I've read all of the books, because I've been through this once before," Parrish said. "It was very exciting for me [to be considered] for the first movie, to be a part of that, and I read all of the books at that time, and I loved the script and the director and Jennifer Lawrence who was cast at that point. I saw it as something very exciting, and I was very excited about it, but it wasn't [meant to be]. Josh is also a friend of mine, and I haven't seen the film yet, but people say amazing things about it, and he's great, he's perfect. We've worked together before, and he's a great actor," Parrish said sincerely.

While Parrish is grateful for the fan support behind the Finnick campaign, his experience from the first round of casting has him feeling more cautious about things this time around.

"I kind of dove in for that one, so for this one, I don't know," he said. "I think you just kind of step back, and if it happens, it happens. I'm not going to really spend too much time thinking about it, but I'd love to. I wouldn't cast myself, but that's not helping me getting cast for that movie," he joked. "But I'm a fan of the books. I think there's fantastic actors that would probably be better. So there's that for getting me a job!"

In continuing with his gracious thoughts about other actors he'd consider for Finnick, we asked Parrish if he wanted to give a shout-out to any for fun.

"No, I wouldn't go that far!" he laughed. "I still want the job, I'm just saying ... "

Check out everything we've got on "The Hunger Games: Catching Fire."

For young Hollywood news, fashion and "Twilight" updates around the clock, visit HollywoodCrush.MTV.com.

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China's stated CO2 figures are inconsistent ? by a lot

There's a gap the size of Japan in China's declared carbon emissions.

When researchers added up the emissions declared by each of the 30 provinces in 2010, they found the total was greater than what the country declared as a whole ? by the equivalent of 1.4 billion tonnes of carbon dioxide.

That's the same amount that Japan ? the world's fourth biggest emitter ? pumps into the atmosphere each year, and amounts to about 5 per cent of annual global emissions.

It's not clear how much of this is due to the provinces over-declaring, or the national agency under-declaring.

Dabo Guan of the University of Leeds in the UK and colleagues say there are sometimes opposing political pressures on provincial and national statistics departments. Provincial authorities over-report economic outputs to appear to be performing better, says Guan, but then have to over-report their energy consumption data to match. On the other hand, national policies of improving energy efficiency put downward pressure on the country-wide statistics.

In addition, almost a third of coal in China is produced by small firms that do not have the personnel to accurately report their data, says Guan.

China's National Bureau of Statistics says the discrepancy is down to the use of different conversion factors, but Guan argues that it can't explain the discrepancies. He found similar differences between the national and provincial declared use of coal, which explain most of the gap.

Co-author Yong Geng, at the Chinese Academy of Sciences, said he thought the lower, national figure was probably more reliable.

Journal reference: Nature Climate Change, DOI: 10.1038/nclimate/1560

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Bombs target Iraq oil pipelines, exports not hit

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What Payroll Accounting Services Do CPAs Offer Smaller Businesses?

Probably the most important business accounting services CPAs offer to small businesses is payroll accounting services. These business accounting services are crucial to a small business?s success because they help small business owners pay their employees in a timely manner. Below offers some further information on the payroll accounting services that most CPAs provide to small enterprises.

Most CPAs offer paycheck and direct deposit services

CPAs offer a complete set of small business bookkeeping services to assist smaller companies to get their employees paid quickly. For example, CPAs help business owners create payroll checks that include information about deductions, current earnings and year-to-date salary information. Additionally, CPAs also help to setup direct bank deposits for employees earnings, which means that they get their pay straight into a nominated bank account. Many small enterprises use a mixture of these services to manage their employees? payroll needs because most CPAs offer these services as part of a package of payroll services that are designed to meet the payroll needs of employees.

CPAs provide small business bookkeeping services that process payroll taxes correctly.

These services include the calculation of payroll taxes that help small businesses take the guesswork out of paying and depositing payroll taxes. Some bookkeeping services include payroll tax return preparation services that help small businesses comply with state and federal payroll tax reporting laws. One of the greatest things about these types of services is that the business has complete control on what is included in the service package.

Moreover, CPAs help small businesses provide yearly W-2 forms for employees.

CPAs offer small business accounting services that assist the small enterprise to organize and submit W-2 forms to their staff. These services include recording tax deductions and W-2 form distribution services, that ensure employees receive their W-2 forms on time. Many small companies count on CPAs to provide them with relevant information and services as they help the business to adhere to tax laws.

As we discussed, CPAs provide many useful payroll accounting services.

These services help small businesses take the guesswork out of managing employee payrolls because CPAs use accounting techniques that help small businesses comply with state and federal tax laws. Because of this it is not difficult to see the reasons why businesses trust CPAs to deliver the small business booking services needed to manage their firm?s payroll needs efficiently.

Use our handy tax refund tracker links to check your Utah Tax refund or Federal tax refund status. Klingler & Associates, The Utah Tax Preparation Experts. klinglercpa.com Certified Public Accountants

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The many uses of the Cable tie - IdeaMarketers.com

by Susan J Morris
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Cable Ties, Nylon Ties, Twist Cable Tie More Details about Cable Ties, Nylon Ties, Twist Cable Tie here.

A cable tie is a kind of fastener usually used to bind several electronic cables or wires together. This can usually be seen in computers, air conditioners and wireless cable modems. They are mostly used for items like this because of the many wires that are involved with these devices. Computers have many wires and cables and so does a wireless modem, so a cable tie helps organize the wires together. A cable tie is a cable that is made of a very strong plastic with an integrated linear actuator and a ratchet on the end of the cable. A cable tie functions in a way that when you pull the cable through the actuator and past the ratchet, it prevents it from being pulled back; the resulting loop can be pulled tighter to adjust the tightness of the cable.

Cable ties are popularly used in two cases which are cabling wires and plastic handcuffs. Cabling is the process of bundling together several wires to organize them into one wire base. This is usually used to organize wires into a neat and orderly manner. It's most popular case, the plastic handcuffs, is used by police force and investigation bureaus in their line of work. They are a form of physical restraint, using cable ties as the straps around the hands. They are more preferred by police force because of their strength and affordability. This has increased the number of sales in cable wires over the past years and has established the "plasticuff" as a more effective method of restraining criminals, thieves and other law breakers. The downside to the plasticuff is that it causes discomfort around the wrists and hands.

Cable ties are also used in Christmas lighting, gardening and child proofing. You can use cable ties on the different wires, lights and connectors around your house to keep them in place. You can also use cable ties for locking cabinets, drawers and lockers around the house to prevent your children from encountering any possible accidents. Cable ties are one of man's most simple, yet, effective tools. They are used to organize bundles of wires and cables, lock doors and cabinets and restrain criminals. In terms of bundling together wires, a cable tie is used to put wires in one place where people can avoid tripping on them or possibly being electrocuted by the wires. In terms of restraint, law enforcement agencies are utilizing cable ties as a popular means of restraining fugitives. They have created plasticuffs and are using more and more in their everyday work. In terms of child proofing, a cable tie can be used as a lock on doors and cabinets. Its strength and durability allows it to be used for several other items and activities such as gardening, securing a tent, tool organization, baggage claiming and even securing your bicycle.

A cable tie is a very effective tool in terms of organization and strength. Its nylon composition and integrated linear actuator are built to be very strong and can sustain a huge amount of pressure.

Know more about Cable Ties and Nylon Ties at: LecoPlastics.com

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Careerinfoworld : Personal Trainer : London Job

Job ID: 455655

Job Views: 15

Location: London, Ontario (ON), Canada

Zip Code:

Job Category: Education

Employment Type: Full time

Salary: per year

Posted: 06.08.2012

Job Description

Personal Trainer : London

Job ID : 918
Location: London, ON
Job Type: Personal Trainer
Facility: London King and Wellington 27
Position Type: Full:Time Regular
Education Required: Certification
Experience Required: Less than 1 year

Position Description

GoodLife Fitness is 100 Canadian and one of Canadas Top 50 Best Managed Companies

PERSONAL TRAINER

At GoodLife Fitness, we're known for being an industry leader in fitness across Canada. Since opening our doors in 1979, our Associates have shown dedication and passion for fitness and for their communities which keeps us growing year after year. With motivating people surrounding you every day and encouraging you to live a healthy and active lifestyle, isn't it time you started living the good life too?

What is a Personal Trainer?

A Personal Trainer provides their clientele with the knowledge, motivation and coaching to achieve their personal fitness goals.

Working with GoodLife Fitness Gives You:
: Ongoing training and development to ensure a long and successful career path
: Opportunities for advancement include: Fitness Manager, Personal Training Regional Manager and Personal Training Regional Director
: Competitive base pay and excellent commission based income, monthly sales incentives and the ability to upgrade your level of Personal Training
: Top notch training including: business plan, secrets to success, subscription to the world's number one education resource for Fitness Professionals
: Use of Fitness equipment 2 million liability insurance
: Pre:designed specialty programs, business cards and marketing materials
: Flexible work schedule
: FREE Fitness membership and discounted membership for friends and family
: Group health care plans
: Fun and energetic atmosphere to come to every day

Job Summary
: Prospecting for new clients
: Analyze and understand your clients' needs and goals
: Design personal programs
: Sales driven

Our Ideal Candidate:
: Passion for fitness
: GLPTI certification within first 3 months of employment
: CPR Certification within 1 month of employment
: Sales ability
: Strong communication skills
: Ability to coach, mentor, and bring out the best in others
: A related degree or diploma is an asset, but not required

As Canada's largest fitness company, GoodLife currently employs over 9,000 people supporting our vision to give every Canadian the opportunity to live a fit and healthy good life. As one of Canadas 10 Most Admired Corporate Cultures, we look for positive, outgoing, energetic team members to make our environment fun and fulfilling each and every day.

The good life is within your reach. Apply to GoodLife Fitness today.

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Grandma charged with gambling away college fund

(AP) A 73-year-old woman has been found in Louisiana after being charged with stealing and gambling away $97,000 from a trust fund for her grandson's college education, authorities said, but she may never return to Indiana for prosecution.

Edna Sue Pate was wanted in Indiana, where the charges were filed, but authorities there said they would not have her brought there to face the charges. Officials in that state had been ordered to extradite her only if she was found in a surrounding state, which would not include Louisiana.

Messages seeking comment with Lake County, Ind., Magistrate Kathleen Sullivan were not returned Thursday and Friday.

Webster Parish Sheriff Gary Sexton said deputies found Pate at a home in the northern Louisiana town of Minden on Wednesday. Sexton said his agency would arrest Pate if authorities in Indiana decided they wanted to have her taken there for prosecution, assuming she stayed at the same home in Minden.

"I have no reason to monitor her at this point," Sexton said. "If they wanted her, they just had to tell me (Wednesday) they wanted her. As far as I'm concerned she's a free lady. She can leave. She can go anywhere."

A probable cause affidavit filed last month by Griffith, Ind., police Detective James Sibley says Pate withdrew more than $97,000 from 2004 to 2007 from a trust fund account opened in 2003 under the name of her grandson, Christian Patrick Kenneth Smith.

The documents say Pate was a trustee on the account but did not have consent to use its funds for any purpose other than Smith's post-secondary education. The documents also say Smith was the sole beneficiary.

The court records claim Pate was known to frequent Indiana casinos and had set up a separate account in 2009 from which she made 49 withdrawals totaling more than $6,000 through April 2010, when the account was closed with a "negative balance."

The court records say 30 withdrawals from that account were made from ATMs at two casinos in Indiana. Records from one of the casinos, Majestic Star II in Gary, show Pate lost more than $93,000 during that time period.

Sibley did not return a message left by The Associated Press.

Smith's father, Tom Smith, who is a private investigator in Griffith, said he wasn't surprised by the decision because he knew Lake County authorities would extradite the woman only from surrounding states because of the expense. He said he found out several months ago she was in Louisiana and asked the Lake County prosecutor's office to extradite her.

"I tried to pressure them. I picketed. I did an e-mail campaign to the Lake County Prosecutor's Office," he said. "If I call them I get routed to voice mail."

Smith said he is frustrated by the lack of help from the Lake County officials, saying there was $40,000 left in the account when he sued Pate in 2008.

"If I had gotten any support from the Lake County Sheriff's Department or the probate court to reopen the trust, my son would still have some money," he said. "It's all very frustrating. I've tried for seven years to try to get someone to pay attention to it."

A residential listing for a Pate on Methodist Camp Road was unavailable.

Tom Smith said the civil lawsuit can't proceed until Pate is brought to Lake County.

"I want her to answer for this so other people realize they can't do this. And that's what my son wants," Smith said.

AP, CBS News

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As signs indicate slowing economy, lawmakers are likely to press Bernanke on his outlook

WASHINGTON - Federal Reserve Chairman Ben Bernanke will be ready for the question. And lawmakers will be eager for an answer:

What's going on with the economy?

It's a question that's raising fears and dividing economists inside and outside the Fed. How much guidance Bernanke will provide when he visits Capitol Hill on Thursday is unclear.

In its most recent economic forecasts in late April, the Fed upgraded its outlook for 2012. It predicted more growth and lower unemployment than it had three months earlier. Since then, job growth has slumped. Stock prices have dropped. Europe's debt crisis has deepened.

Now, members of the Joint Economic Committee will want to know whether Bernanke and the Fed have turned gloomier ? and, if so, whether they're likely to act further to aid the economy.

The Fed has made two rounds of bond purchases to try to lower long-term interest rates and encourage borrowing and spending. After those purchases ended, the Fed began a program dubbed Operation Twist: It sells shorter-term securities and buys longer-term bonds to keep their rates down. Operation Twist is set to end at the end of this month.

Bernanke has said that more bond purchases, or other steps by the Fed, are still an option if the economy weakens. But many analysts don't expect further moves at the Fed's next policy meeting June 19-20. They note that long-term rates have already touched record lows. And few think further Fed action would lower them much more.

Many economists think Bernanke will discuss the possibility of further Fed efforts at a news conference after the June meeting but won't announce anything. Some say he would help shore up confidence by reiterating that more action remains an option should the economy weaken.

"Just the fact that Bernanke is talking about more Fed bond buying would be important," said Sung Won Sohn, an economics professor at California State University. "What we need is a psychological lift."

A bleaker view of the economy has taken hold in recent weeks, especially as hiring has weakened. U.S. employers added just 69,000 jobs in May, the fewest in a year. Since averaging a robust 252,000 a month from December through February, job growth has slowed to a lacklustre 96,000 a month.

And the U.S. economy grew at a tepid annual rate of 1.9 per cent in the first three months of 2012.

Fears are also growing that a collapse of Europe's euro currency union could trigger a panic and perhaps cause a global recession.

On Thursday, lawmakers will likely want to know how concerned Bernanke and other Fed officials are.

Do they think the U.S. hiring slump is partly a temporary setback because a warm winter caused some hiring to occur earlier in the year than usual?

Does the Fed still think the U.S. economy will grow between 2.4 per cent and 2.9 per cent this year? And that unemployment, now at 8.2 per cent, will be between 7.8 per cent and 8 per cent at year's end?

Is further Fed action likelier than it was at the Fed's previous meeting in April?

How grave a threat is Europe's crisis?

The Fed's policy committee has been split between those who favour doing everything possible to strengthen the economy and reduce unemployment and those more concerned about inflation risks.

Richard Fisher, president of the Dallas Federal Reserve Bank, said in a speech Tuesday that he would oppose further Fed efforts to bolster the economy.

"Were we to go down the path to further accommodation at this juncture, we would not simply be pushing on a string but would be viewed as an accomplice to the mischief that has become synonymous with Washington," Fisher said.

Fisher isn't a voting member of the policy-making Federal Open Market Committee this year. But all Fed officials on the 19-member panel get to participate in the discussions.

Dennis Lockhart, who is a committee voting member, said in a speech Wednesday that should the economy deteriorate, "further monetary actions to support the recovery will certainly need to be considered."

Lockhart did not specify what measures he thinks should be considered.

Richmond Federal Reserve Bank President Jeffrey Lacker has cast a lone dissenting vote at each of the Fed's three meetings this year because he opposes its plan to keep short-term rates at record lows until at least late 2014.

Vincent Reinhart, chief U.S. economist at Morgan Stanley and formerly the Fed's top staffer on interest-rate policy, is among a minority who think the Fed will take action this month. He also thinks the Fed will scale back its economic forecasts.

"Slower employment growth, worsening strains in European markets ... makes it likely that the Fed will mark down its already tepid forecast," Reinhart said in a note to clients.

With long-term U.S. interest rates at record lows, further Fed bond purchases might have little effect. But some economists think a Fed move would help keep rates down should investors decide to stop pouring so much money into U.S. Treasurys. Many investors have sought the safety of Treasurys as Europe's crisis has flared. That money has helped drive down long-term U.S. rates.

Some economists say they think most Fed policymakers recognize that an economy facing such threats as slowing job growth and a European debt crisis needs rates to stay as low as possible.

"When you have an economy that is recovering as slowly as this one, it is really vulnerable to downside shocks," said David Jones, chief economist at DMJ Advisors. "I think more monetary stimulus is not only on the table but likely to be used."

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Canada's economy adds 7,700 jobs

OTTAWA ? Canada?s job-creation machine slowed in May following two massive months of employment gains but it still managed to squeeze out 7,700 additional jobs ? slightly more than expected and enough to keep the unemployment rate steady.

The increase was due to the addition of self-employed, government and part-time workers, which offset a decline in full-time employment in the private sector ? possibly a sign of that Canadian businesses were cautious about adding jobs.

Economists had largely anticipated the slowdown on the labour front, given that March and April saw an eye-popping 140,000 new jobs created, a 30-year high for a two-month period.

But given that Canada?s economic growth rate slipped below two per cent in the first quarter, analysts believed such numbers were unsustainable.

The May jobs report from Statistics Canada was seen as mostly welcome news and an indication that the debt crisis and recessionary climate in Europe hadn?t spooked Canadian employers.

?I?m just relieved it wasn?t an outright decline,? said Doug Porter, Bank of Montreal?s deputy chief economist.

?It?s far from a surprise that we get a little bit of a slowdown in job creation, especially given what just happened south of the border.?

Last week, the U.S. reported only 69,000 new jobs were created in May, the third straight disappointing performance.

Regionally, Quebec experienced the most job gains during month ? 14, 700 ? and Ontario the biggest decline ? 18,700. Alberta also saw a significant increase in employment with 9,800 net new jobs, dropping the province?s unemployment rate to 4.5 per cent, along with Saskatchewan, the lowest in the country. British Columbia saw its unemployment rate jump to 7.4 per cent from 6.2, but only because there were 30,500 more people looking for jobs in the province in May.

Porter said there was reason to cheer that Canada?s manufacturing sector posted a 36,400 jobs pick-up in May, and annualized growth rate for wages rose to three per cent from 2.3 per cent.

Scotiabank?s Derek Holt noted that the factory gain was the sixth consecutive monthly increase and lifted the jobs expansion in the Canada?s hard-pressed manufacturing sector to 3.3 per cent from last year.

Still there were several underlying weaknesses in the Statistics Canada report.

The main negative was that there were 15,600 fewer employees last month than in April, and the private sector shed 22,500 workers. As well, the number of new part-time workers outnumbered full-time by four to one.

Those numbers were mitigated by a rise of 23,300 in the self-employment category, which is usually a sign of labour market weakness. As well, government hiring rose by 6,900.

Looking down the road, news that Canada?s trade performance returned to negative with a $367 million deficit in April, following five months of surpluses, gives some evidence to the Bank of Canada?s view that trade will be a weak contributor to the economy this year.

Analysts said the data will likely have no effect on the Bank of Canada?s thinking over interest rates. The central bank is likely to stay on hold for some time, the said, given the uncertainty about how events in Europe will unfold.

May?s numbers brought job creation over the past 12 months to 203,000, consistent with an economy that is growing but modestly. Almost all have been full time.

Besides the big gain in manufacturing, Statistics Canada said employment in education services also increased, by 25,700, and there were 10,700 more workers in the agriculture sector.

Offsetting the gains, construction shed 27,000 workers and employment in information, culture and recreation fell by 27,300.

? Copyright (c) The Montreal Gazette

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Cleveland Clinic selected to participate in National MDS Clinical Research Consortium

Public release date: 7-Jun-2012
[ | E-mail | Share ]

Contact: Joe Milicia
milicij2@ccf.org
216-312-0591
Cleveland Clinic

Thursday, June 7, 2012, Cleveland: Taussig Cancer Institute at Cleveland Clinic will participate in an unprecedented, six-institution consortium designed to conduct clinical trials and research to improve outcomes for patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). Known as the MDS Clinical Research Consortium, the five-year, $16 million initiative is sponsored by the Aplastic Anemia & MDS International Foundation and supported by the Edward P. Evans Foundation.

This is the first privately funded MDS research consortium in the U.S. Mikkael Sekeres, M.D., M.S., Director of Taussig Cancer Institute's Leukemia Program, will co-chair the Consortium with Guillermo Garcia-Manero, M.D. of MD Anderson Cancer Center. The Consortium will fill a major gap in MDS-related clinical research by providing a new "critical mass" of dedicated institutions to support the evaluation of promising new therapies, epidemiological studies, and translational studies leading to new treatments and classifications for these diseases. It will also sponsor a yearly, dedicated MDS fellowship slot at each institution.

Centralized clinical operations (data collection and management, biostatistics, clinical trial accrual and supervision of research protocols) will be housed at Taussig Cancer Institute. The Consortium will be administered by the Aplastic Anemia & MDS International Foundation.

"This Consortium is the first clinical research network created to support the infrastructure that makes MDS clinical research happen by enabling the collaboration of the leading MDS centers is the U.S.," said Dr. Sekeres.

The other five participating institutions include Dana Farber Cancer Institute; MD Anderson Cancer Center; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute; Weill Medical College of Cornell University; and the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins.

"One of the greatest challenges in research of rare diseases like MDS is having enough patients to conduct meaningful clinical trials. No single center can do it alone. This uniquely collaborative effort overcomes that barrier," said John Huber, Executive Director of the Aplastic Anemia & MDS International Foundation. "To have these six leading MDS research centers working together in this way is unprecedented."

Programs selected as part of the Consortium are based at U.S. academic medical centers that serve a high volume of MDS patients; that maintain a current and historical patient data base; and that have a current and retrospective MDS patient cohort of sufficient size to have a very significant track record of participation in MDS-related clinical trials.

MDS is a cancer of hematopoietic bone marrow stem cells akin to leukemia that inhibits the body's ability to produce healthy blood cells. It principally affects adults over the age of 60 years, and can be treated with chemotherapy, growth factor, or immuonomodulatory therapies. At present, the only cure is a bone marrow transplant.

###

For more information about Taussig Cancer Institute, visit http://my.clevelandclinic.org/cancer/default.aspx. For more information on the Aplastic Anemia & MDS Foundation, visit http://www.aamds.org/.

About Cleveland Clinic

Cleveland Clinic is a nonprofit multispecialty academic medical center that integrates clinical and hospital care with research and education. It was founded in 1921 by four renowned physicians with a vision of providing outstanding patient care based upon the principles of cooperation, compassion and innovation. Cleveland Clinic has pioneered many medical breakthroughs, including coronary artery bypass surgery and the first face transplant in the United States. U.S.News & World Report consistently names Cleveland Clinic as one of the nation's best hospitals in its annual "America's Best Hospitals" survey. About 2,800 full-time salaried physicians and researchers and 11,000 nurses represent 120 medical specialties and subspecialties. Cleveland Clinic Health System includes a main campus near downtown Cleveland, eight community hospitals and 16 Family Health Centers in Northeast Ohio, Cleveland Clinic Florida, the Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health in Las Vegas, Cleveland Clinic Canada, and opening in 2013, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi. In 2010, there were 4 million visits throughout the Cleveland Clinic health system and 155,000 hospital admissions. Patients came for treatment from every state and from more than 100 countries. Visit us at http://www.clevelandclinic.org/. Follow us at www.twitter.com/ClevelandClinic.

---

[ | E-mail | Share ]

?

AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.

Public release date: 7-Jun-2012
[ | E-mail | Share ]

Contact: Joe Milicia
milicij2@ccf.org
216-312-0591
Cleveland Clinic

Thursday, June 7, 2012, Cleveland: Taussig Cancer Institute at Cleveland Clinic will participate in an unprecedented, six-institution consortium designed to conduct clinical trials and research to improve outcomes for patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). Known as the MDS Clinical Research Consortium, the five-year, $16 million initiative is sponsored by the Aplastic Anemia & MDS International Foundation and supported by the Edward P. Evans Foundation.

This is the first privately funded MDS research consortium in the U.S. Mikkael Sekeres, M.D., M.S., Director of Taussig Cancer Institute's Leukemia Program, will co-chair the Consortium with Guillermo Garcia-Manero, M.D. of MD Anderson Cancer Center. The Consortium will fill a major gap in MDS-related clinical research by providing a new "critical mass" of dedicated institutions to support the evaluation of promising new therapies, epidemiological studies, and translational studies leading to new treatments and classifications for these diseases. It will also sponsor a yearly, dedicated MDS fellowship slot at each institution.

Centralized clinical operations (data collection and management, biostatistics, clinical trial accrual and supervision of research protocols) will be housed at Taussig Cancer Institute. The Consortium will be administered by the Aplastic Anemia & MDS International Foundation.

"This Consortium is the first clinical research network created to support the infrastructure that makes MDS clinical research happen by enabling the collaboration of the leading MDS centers is the U.S.," said Dr. Sekeres.

The other five participating institutions include Dana Farber Cancer Institute; MD Anderson Cancer Center; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute; Weill Medical College of Cornell University; and the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins.

"One of the greatest challenges in research of rare diseases like MDS is having enough patients to conduct meaningful clinical trials. No single center can do it alone. This uniquely collaborative effort overcomes that barrier," said John Huber, Executive Director of the Aplastic Anemia & MDS International Foundation. "To have these six leading MDS research centers working together in this way is unprecedented."

Programs selected as part of the Consortium are based at U.S. academic medical centers that serve a high volume of MDS patients; that maintain a current and historical patient data base; and that have a current and retrospective MDS patient cohort of sufficient size to have a very significant track record of participation in MDS-related clinical trials.

MDS is a cancer of hematopoietic bone marrow stem cells akin to leukemia that inhibits the body's ability to produce healthy blood cells. It principally affects adults over the age of 60 years, and can be treated with chemotherapy, growth factor, or immuonomodulatory therapies. At present, the only cure is a bone marrow transplant.

###

For more information about Taussig Cancer Institute, visit http://my.clevelandclinic.org/cancer/default.aspx. For more information on the Aplastic Anemia & MDS Foundation, visit http://www.aamds.org/.

About Cleveland Clinic

Cleveland Clinic is a nonprofit multispecialty academic medical center that integrates clinical and hospital care with research and education. It was founded in 1921 by four renowned physicians with a vision of providing outstanding patient care based upon the principles of cooperation, compassion and innovation. Cleveland Clinic has pioneered many medical breakthroughs, including coronary artery bypass surgery and the first face transplant in the United States. U.S.News & World Report consistently names Cleveland Clinic as one of the nation's best hospitals in its annual "America's Best Hospitals" survey. About 2,800 full-time salaried physicians and researchers and 11,000 nurses represent 120 medical specialties and subspecialties. Cleveland Clinic Health System includes a main campus near downtown Cleveland, eight community hospitals and 16 Family Health Centers in Northeast Ohio, Cleveland Clinic Florida, the Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health in Las Vegas, Cleveland Clinic Canada, and opening in 2013, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi. In 2010, there were 4 million visits throughout the Cleveland Clinic health system and 155,000 hospital admissions. Patients came for treatment from every state and from more than 100 countries. Visit us at http://www.clevelandclinic.org/. Follow us at www.twitter.com/ClevelandClinic.

---

[ | E-mail | Share ]

?

AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.

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Miley Cyrus, Liam Hemsworth get engaged

Miley Cyrus has gotten engaged to "Hunger Games" star Liam Hemsworth, People?is reporting.

Cyrus, 19, has been dating Hemsworth, 22, for three years, and the engagement has been confirmed to the magazine by their representatives. A wedding date has not yet been set.

"I'm so happy to be engaged and look forward to a life of happiness with Liam," said the singer/actress.

Australian actor Hemsworth and Cyrus met when they shared screen credits in 2009's "The Last Song." People reports that he proposed on May 31 with a 3.5-carat diamond ring in a gold band.

As People's Julie Jordan told TODAY on Wednesday, "It's kind of sweet, because they shared Miley's first on-screen kiss together. They've been together since she was 16. They have a very playful relationship. Very real. Very honest."

Added Jordan, "I think Miley has obviously gotten a good dose of what fame and fortune is like, and now with Liam coming into his own.... She's very excited about his success, and I think they're going to be good for each other. They're definitely going to keep each other balanced."?

Christopher Polk / Getty Images

People's Kate Coyne told TODAY's Ann Curry that the Cyrus family are happy for their daughter, even if Miley might seem a bit young: "They are thrilled about it," she said. "Liam has been a part of their family for a while now; he's been around. He's not just somebody who showed up out of the woodwork."

Rumors swirled at the end of March that the two had gotten engaged, when a ring Cyrus was wearing generated some buzz, but she Tweeted at the time: "I?m not engaged. I?ve worn this same ring on this finger since November! People just wanna find something to (talk) about! It?s a topaz people!"

Now, she's got two rings worth talking about.

Are you excited for the happy couple? Shout out your congrats over?on Facebook, and follow us on Pinterest!

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Mega-lawsuit says NFL hid brain injury links

By MARYCLAIRE DALE

updated 1:22 p.m. ET June 7, 2012

PHILADELPHIA - A concussion-related lawsuit bringing together scores of cases has been filed in federal court, accusing the NFL of hiding information that linked football-related head trauma to permanent brain injuries.

Lawyers for former players say more than 80 pending lawsuits are consolidated in the "master complaint" filed Thursday in Philadelphia.

Plaintiffs hope to hold the NFL responsible for the care of players suffering from dementia, Alzheimer's disease and other neurological conditions. Other former players remain asymptomatic, but worry about the future and want medical monitoring. The helmet-maker Riddell, Inc. also is named as a defendant.

"I want this game to be around, to be a great sport, a sport that my own boys will be able to play and enjoy all the benefits I believe that football has," said former Eagles and Patriots running back Kevin Turner, now suffering from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

"Let's face it and be honest, I feel like the NFL has over the past decades - at least until `08 or `09 - kind of turned a blind eye to the seriousness of not only concussions ... but the cumulative effect of (hits) and how these retired players are having so much difficulty in getting along in their daily lives."

The suit accuses the NFL of "mythologizing" and glorifying violence through the media, including its NFL Films division.

"The NFL, like the sport of boxing, was aware of the health risks associated with repetitive blows producing sub-concussive and concussive results and the fact that some members of the NFL player population were at significant risk of developing long-term brain damage and cognitive decline as a result," the complaint charges.

"Despite its knowledge and controlling role in governing player conduct on and off the field, the NFL turned a blind eye to the risk and failed to warn and/or impose safety regulations governing this well-recognized health and safety problem."

The league has denied similar accusations in the past.

"Our legal team will review today's filing that is intended to consolidate plaintiffs' existing claims into one `master' complaint," the NFL said in a statement. "The NFL has long made player safety a priority and continues to do so. Any allegation that the NFL sought to mislead players has no merit. It stands in contrast to the league's many actions to better protect players and advance the science and medical understanding of the management and treatment of concussions."

The NFL provides a series of medical benefits to former NFL players to help them after football, including joint replacement, neurological evaluations and spine treatment programs, assisted living partnerships, long-term care insurance, prescription benefits, life insurance programs, and a Medicare supplement program.

One of the programs, the 88 Plan, named after Hall of Fame tight end John Mackey, provides funding to treat dementia, Alzheimer's disease, and ALS. Players do not need to demonstrate that the condition was caused by their participation in the NFL.

The league says that in partnership with the NFLPA it has spent more than a billion dollars on pensions, medical and disability benefits for retired players.

Mary Ann Easterling will remain a plaintiff despite the April suicide of her husband, former Atlanta Falcons safety Ray Easterling, who had been a named plaintiff in a suit filed last year.

Easterling, 62, suffered from undiagnosed dementia for many years that left him angry and volatile, his widow said. He acted out of character, behaving oddly at family parties and making risky business decisions that eventually cost them their home. They were married 36 years and had one daughter. She believes the NFL has no idea what families go through.

"I wish I could sit down with (NFL Commissioner Roger Goodell) and share with him the pain. It's not just the spouses, it's the kids, too," Easterling, 59, told The Associated Press from her home in Richmond, Va. "Kids don't understand why Dad is angry all the time."

Ray Easterling played for the Falcons from 1972 to 1979, helping to lead the team's "Gritz Blitz" defense in 1977 that set the NFL record for fewest points allowed in a season. He never earned more than $75,000 from the sport, his widow said. After his football career, he started a financial services company, but had to abandon the career in about 1990, plagued by insomnia and depression, she said.

"I think the thing that was so discouraging was just the denial by the NFL," Mary Ann Easterling said. "His sentiment toward the end was that if he had a choice to do it all over again, he wouldn't (play). ... He was realizing how fast he was going downhill."

The list of notable former players connected to concussion lawsuits is extensive and includes the family of Dave Duerson, who shot himself last year. Ex-quarterback Jim McMahon, Duerson's teammate on Super Bowl-winning 1985 Chicago Bears, also has been among the plaintiffs.

The cases are being consolidated for pretrial issues and discovery before Senior U.S. District Judge Anita B. Brody in Philadelphia.

The players accuse the NFL of negligence and intentional misconduct in its response to the headaches, dizziness and dementia that former players have reported, even after forming the Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Committee to study the issue in 1994.

"After voluntarily assuming a duty to investigate, study, and truthfully report to the public and NFL players, including the Plaintiffs, the medical risks associated with MTBI in football, the NFL instead produced industry-funded, biased, and falsified research that falsely claimed that concussive and sub-concussive head impacts in football do not present serious, life-altering risks," the complaint says.

The problem of concussions in the NFL has moved steadily into the litigation phase for about a year.

According to an AP review of 81 lawsuits filed through May 25, the plaintiffs include 2,138 former players. The total number of plaintiffs in those cases is 3,356, which includes players, spouses and other relatives or representatives.

Some of the plaintiffs are named in more than one complaint, but the AP count did not include duplicated names in its total. The master suit contains a provision to allow other players to join it as plaintiffs and attorneys expect that to happen.

"We want to see them take care of the players," Mary Ann Easterling said.

? 2012 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.

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??PFT Live: Who benefits from NFL Network's Top 100? Mike Florio thinks players ranked low on the list, or not making it at all, might be fueled to improve.

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Researchers demonstrate technique to give us better understanding of human tissues

Public release date: 6-Jun-2012
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Contact: Matt Shipman
matt_shipman@ncsu.edu
919-515-6386
North Carolina State University

Research from North Carolina State University demonstrates that a relatively new microscopy technique can be used to improve our understanding of human tissues and other biomedical materials. The study focused specifically on eye tissues, which are damaged by scarring in diabetic patients.

"Our findings are a proof of concept, showing that this technique is extremely effective at giving us the data we need on these tissues," says Dr. Albena Ivanisevic, co-author of a paper describing the research. "Specifically, it gives a great deal of information on the composition of these tissues, as well as the tissue's topography, or surface characteristics." Ivanisevic is an associate professor of materials science and engineering at NC State and associate professor of the joint biomedical engineering program at NC State and the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.

The study is one of the first to explore how this technology, called bimodal dual AC mode microscopy, can improve our understanding of human tissues and biomaterials.

The research team, which included researchers from Purdue University and the University of Louisville School of Medicine, examined two types of eye tissue from diabetic patients. Specifically, they looked at the inner limiting membrane (ILM), which is the surface layer of the retina, and so-called epiretinal membranes. Epiretinal membranes are scar tissues that form on the ILM in diabetics. Scar tissue can cause significant damage to the retina and, if untreated, may lead to blindness.

There are multiple treatments for this scarring. In the United States, a common technique is for a surgeon to peel off the ILM, removing the scar tissue with it. In many other parts of the world, surgeons inject dye into the eye to better distinguish the parts of the eye they will operate on. This process is not currently allowed in the United States, due to concerns about the dye's toxicity.

The researchers launched this project, in part, to determine if bimodal dual AC mode microscopy could be used to provide a better understanding of the topographical properties of the ILM. Further, the researchers wanted to use the technology to see if it offered insight into how or whether various dyes affect the topographical characteristics of the ILM. "All of this information could be used to improve surgical outcomes and to foster research into additional treatments for the condition," Ivanisevic says.

The researchers found that bimodal dual AC mode microscopy, an atomic force imaging technique, captured the properties of the tissue in exceptional detail. Atomic force imaging effectively runs a probe over the surface of a material to collect data on its topography, similar to the way in which a record player's needle runs over the surface of an album.

"The next step would be to use this technology to assess the utility and potential risk of various dyes," Ivanisevic says. "If we can find a dye that is extremely effective and poses little risk, it may be approved for use in future surgeries."

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The paper, "Deposition of Triamcinolone Acetonide and Its Effect on Soft Tissue Topography," was published online June 5 in Advanced Healthcare Materials. Lead author of the paper is Celimar Valentin-Rodriguez, a Ph.D. student at Purdue. Co-authors are Ivanisevic and Dr. Tongalp Tezel, of Louisville. The research was supported by a George Washington Carver Fellowship and Research To Prevent Blindness Inc.

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Public release date: 6-Jun-2012
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Contact: Matt Shipman
matt_shipman@ncsu.edu
919-515-6386
North Carolina State University

Research from North Carolina State University demonstrates that a relatively new microscopy technique can be used to improve our understanding of human tissues and other biomedical materials. The study focused specifically on eye tissues, which are damaged by scarring in diabetic patients.

"Our findings are a proof of concept, showing that this technique is extremely effective at giving us the data we need on these tissues," says Dr. Albena Ivanisevic, co-author of a paper describing the research. "Specifically, it gives a great deal of information on the composition of these tissues, as well as the tissue's topography, or surface characteristics." Ivanisevic is an associate professor of materials science and engineering at NC State and associate professor of the joint biomedical engineering program at NC State and the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.

The study is one of the first to explore how this technology, called bimodal dual AC mode microscopy, can improve our understanding of human tissues and biomaterials.

The research team, which included researchers from Purdue University and the University of Louisville School of Medicine, examined two types of eye tissue from diabetic patients. Specifically, they looked at the inner limiting membrane (ILM), which is the surface layer of the retina, and so-called epiretinal membranes. Epiretinal membranes are scar tissues that form on the ILM in diabetics. Scar tissue can cause significant damage to the retina and, if untreated, may lead to blindness.

There are multiple treatments for this scarring. In the United States, a common technique is for a surgeon to peel off the ILM, removing the scar tissue with it. In many other parts of the world, surgeons inject dye into the eye to better distinguish the parts of the eye they will operate on. This process is not currently allowed in the United States, due to concerns about the dye's toxicity.

The researchers launched this project, in part, to determine if bimodal dual AC mode microscopy could be used to provide a better understanding of the topographical properties of the ILM. Further, the researchers wanted to use the technology to see if it offered insight into how or whether various dyes affect the topographical characteristics of the ILM. "All of this information could be used to improve surgical outcomes and to foster research into additional treatments for the condition," Ivanisevic says.

The researchers found that bimodal dual AC mode microscopy, an atomic force imaging technique, captured the properties of the tissue in exceptional detail. Atomic force imaging effectively runs a probe over the surface of a material to collect data on its topography, similar to the way in which a record player's needle runs over the surface of an album.

"The next step would be to use this technology to assess the utility and potential risk of various dyes," Ivanisevic says. "If we can find a dye that is extremely effective and poses little risk, it may be approved for use in future surgeries."

###

The paper, "Deposition of Triamcinolone Acetonide and Its Effect on Soft Tissue Topography," was published online June 5 in Advanced Healthcare Materials. Lead author of the paper is Celimar Valentin-Rodriguez, a Ph.D. student at Purdue. Co-authors are Ivanisevic and Dr. Tongalp Tezel, of Louisville. The research was supported by a George Washington Carver Fellowship and Research To Prevent Blindness Inc.

---

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AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.

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